Fig. 4
From: Structural insights into antibody-based immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma
Binding mechanism of CTLA-4 with B7 and TIM-3 with CEACAM1 and immune checkpoint inhibiting monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). A Binding interface of CTLA-4 with B7-1 and B7-2 molecules. B Epitopes mapping and interface annotation of the CTLA-4 targeting mAbs. C Alignment of the complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) from the mAbs presented in panel B. D Binding mechanism of TIM-3 with CEACAM1. E Superimposition of TIM-3 binding mAbs, constructed using AlphaFold 3. F Alignment of the CDRs from the mAbs depicted in panel E